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Reading-Exam-guide 10/12/2013 8:47 μμ Page 9

IELTS EXAM GUIDE Reading

Questions 8-13
Complete the flow-chart below. Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.

Development of Punk Music

In 1976, the term punk is used for the first time to refer to a new style of music that is played at two of New
York City’s well-known inner-city clubs.

Punk begins to find a fanbase in London as two clothes designers open up a radical new outfit store and new
over the city
punk bands start to appear all 8 ...................... .

The Anarchy Tour of winter, 1976, brings together some of the biggest names in punk but the event is plagued
by scandal and claims of indecent behaviour.

reputation
Punk’s 9 ............................... soon becomes tainted, but this does not stop its influence spreading beyond
the punk heartlands of NYC and London.

minimalist approach
Towards the end of the decade, punk bands start to reject the 10 .............................. in favour of a style
which embraces other types of music and fuses them with traditional punk.

emerge
In the new decade, a lighter form of punk starts to 11 ............................... . This new style is more appeal-
ing to the masses and more commercially successful. It is termed pop punk.

comeback
Despite a short-lived 12 ................................. , traditional hardcore punk is on the wane as a musical influ-
ence and a new movement heavily influenced by punk culture is emerging - alternative rock.

Alternative rock and grunge bands are, by the early 90s, a huge success, in tandem with pop punk bands. The
latter remain so right into the new millenium. However, some traditional punks contend that pop punk artists,
by accepting multi-million dollar contracts, have effectively sold out and have lost all their
(punk) credentials
13 ............................. .

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